[afro-nets] Pesticide use for Malaria Control in Africa (27)

[Kija Ndyai <ndyai@yahoo.com>]

Pesticide use for Malaria Control in Africa (27)
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Referring to my previous message ?Pesticide use for Malaria Con-
trol in Africa (23)?, here are the references and abstracts.
 
Kija Ndyai
Research Scientist
Entomology Unit, Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre
Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania
Tel: +255-23-262-5164
Fax: +255-23-262 5312
mailto:ndyai@yahoo.com
http://www.ihrdc.org
 
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1) Simon Blanford, Brian H. K. Chan, Nina Jenkins, Derek Sim, 
Ruth J. Turner, Andrew F. Read, Matt B. Thomas (2005)
?Fungal Pathogen Reduces Potential for Malaria Transmission?
 
Abstract
 
Using a rodent malaria model, we found that exposure to surfaces 
treated with fungal entomopathogens following an infectious 
blood meal reduced the number of mosquitoes able to transmit ma-
laria by a factor of about 80. Fungal infection, achieved 
through contact with both solid surfaces and netting for dura-
tions well within the typical post-feed resting periods, was 
sufficient to cause 990% mortality. Daily mortality rates esca-
lated dramatically around the time of sporozoite maturation, and 
infected mosquitoes showed reduced propensity to blood feed. Re-
sidual sprays of fungal biopesticides might replace or supple-
ment chemical insecticides for malaria control, particularly in 
areas of high insecticide resistance. 
SCIENCE VOL 308, pp 1638-1641
 
 
2) Ernst-Jan Scholte, Kija Ng?habi, Japheth Kihonda, Willem Tak-
ken, Krijn Paaijmans, Salim Abdulla, Gerry F. Killeen, Bart G. 
J. Knols. (2005)
?An Entomopathogenic Fungus for Control of Adult African Malaria 
Mosquitoes?
 
Abstract
 
Biological control of malaria mosquitoes in Africa has rarely 
been used in vector control programs. Recent developments in 
this field show that certain fungi are virulent to adult Anophe-
les mosquitoes. Practical delivery of an entomopathogenic fungus 
that infected and killed adult Anopheles gambiae, Africa?s main 
malaria vector, was achieved in rural African village houses. An 
entomological inoculation rate model suggests that implementa-
tion of this vector control method, even at the observed moder-
ate coverage during a field study in Tanzania, would signifi-
cantly reduce malaria transmission intensity. 
SCIENCE, VOL 308, pp 1641-1642